The Canadian Medical Association Defines Physician...

The Canadian Medical Association defines physician-assisted death (PAD) as â€Å"[when] a physician knowingly and intentionally provides a person with the knowledge and/or means required to end their own lives†¦Ã¢â‚¬ . (A, p29) In Canada, suicide has been legal for years, but euthanasia and physician-assisted death have only recently been decriminalized in a court of law. However, until 2016, PAD can still be charged as â€Å"culpable homicide† under section 222 and 229 of the Criminal Code of Canada. (B,K) The specifics of the debate on physician-assisted death in Canada has, over the decades, not significantly changed, but instead Canadians’ opinions have been shifted since information from Belgium, Columbia, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Switzerland,†¦show more content†¦(B, K) However, it is first important to understand exactly what is being challenged and what PAD really means. PAD is not to be confused with withdrawal of treatment, since patients h ave the right to refuse life-sustaining means, such as ventilator assistance or nourishment. (A, I) On the other hand, PAD has been, up until recently, illegal, even though suicide without assistance is not. (B) Critics of PAD have expressed concern about abuse and error in assisted death, but less so about the same margins when it comes to the withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment. They say that there is a clear difference between the act of ending one’s life and simply withdrawal of treatment. (K) However, it is also important to note that this does not mean that those against PAD are for preserving life at all costs, as witnessed by withdrawing care that does no more than prolong suffering. (F) Proponents argue that the act of withdrawing life-sustaining treatment is just as likely to lead to death as a physician giving a lethal dose of a substance, so why are physicians legally required to respect one choice, but not the other? (K) The end result of PAD is comparable to actions that are legally performed by physicians, such as aggressive palliative care, and withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment. (K) Court Cases For many years, Canada s stance on the ethical issues regarding PAD has been static, and the 1993 case of

The Guerilla Girls Are A Women s Activist Art Group Essay

The Guerilla Girls are a women’s activist art group. They are masked women who came together to make change in the world of art and women’s involvement in society. GG emerged in 1985 and still are active today in New York after 30 years of the emergence of the group. The Guerilla Girls used posters with real statistics to show awareness of sexism in the art world and the discrimination of women in politics as well as in the mass media. The Guerrilla Girls spread awareness of sexism in art, discrimination in politics and the mass media through their workshops, performances, and posters. The Guerrilla Girls speak about sexism in art galleries and the non appreciation of women s art in the most prestigious galleries of New York. â€Å"a very big problem is the fact women don t collect. ... Men buy the art and call the shots museums. Until women support women and collect each things will never change (Withers 287). Women artists new to the art world were not accepted, men artist bought their art to present as their own. This way women artist do not get the chance to be recognized for their talent. Making the assumption women are only valued as the model but cannot aspire to be artists and create exceptional work as men would. This is of importance because only 1% or none of the art presented was of women artists. â€Å"not only in their appeals to principles of equality, but also, say, in their gesture of adopting the names of deceased female artists as aliases, a gambit tacitlyShow MoreRelatedThe Feminist Art Movement During The 20th Century1567 Words   |  7 Pag esThe feminist art movement, stemming from the second wave of feminism mid 20th century, brought passionate and talented works of art in performance, protest, and exhibits of feminist culture and gender equality. 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LECTURER-IN-CHARGE: DR OLANIYAN MRS LIST OF GROUP MEMBERS. OGUNFEIBO AYOKUNLE O 1002630 IBITOYERead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesHartman Strom, Political Woman: Florence Luscomb and the Legacy of Radical Reform Michael Adas, ed., Agricultural and Pastoral Societies in Ancient and Classical History Jack Metzgar, Striking Steel: Solidarity Remembered Janis Appier, Policing Women: The Sexual Politics of Law Enforcement and the LAPD Allen Hunter, ed., Rethinking the Cold War Eric Foner, ed., The New American History. 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Nursing Evidence Based Research Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Nursing Evidence Based Research. Answer: Effectiveness of the EARLY SAVE Program The EARLY SAVE program was particularly initiated to mirror out best practices in early recognition as well as response to clinical deterioration. Clinical staff was educated so that they could be able to implement the program effectively. Additionally, there was an introduction of an escalation chart as well as an observation to help in accomplishing the plan. The EARLY SAVE program has been effective in improving early recognition as well as response to clinical deterioration within the hospital. To show this, there has been an incredible decrease in the death of patients from 25 percent to 10 percent. This is a tremendous achievement which the hospital has accomplished with the introduction of the early save program. The program has ensured that any patient who deteriorate get timely and appropriate care. Through the program, all patients have been able to receive comprehensive care, irrespective of the time of the day or their location within the hospital. An array of systems has been put in place to manage and overcome clinical deterioration efficiently (Churpek et al. 2015 p. A5396). The program permits the clinicians to use various guides to identify plans for implementing stout response and recognition systems. Notably, due to the program, patients who are being transferred to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) have significantly reduced from 35 percent to 20 percent. This shows that the program has been able to take care of or treat a patient who requires close monitoring and observation. It is also important to note that the program has specialized equipment as well as trained personnel who are able to care for patients suffering from chronic diseases such as respiratory diseases and cardiac pain. According Barr et al. (2013 p. 264), these equipment have functioned more effectively in detecting and recognizing patients suffering from cardiac diseases and quickly responding to their conditions. As a result, more patients have been able to stay in the wards thus not getting a transfer to either ICU or HDI. The professionals have also used the equipment to come up with best practices to overcome such diseases, therefore, reducing the number of deaths. The Use of Data Obtained from Pre and Post EARLY SAVE Program When Reporting to (NSQHS) Standard The National Safety and Quality Health Service (NSQHS) Standard drives the implementations of quality and safety systems which improve health care quality(Boyd and Sheen, 2014 p. 31). The information obtained from the Pre and Post EARLY SAVE Program can significantly assist when reporting to the National Safety and Quality Health Service (NSQHS) Standard. The data shows improvements the hospital has made through the implementation of EARLY SAVE Program. For example, through the implementation of the EARLY SAVE Program, the hospital has experienced a significant decline in the number of deaths from 25 percent to 10 percent. Remarkably, this will reveal to NSQHS that the hospital is making progress in quality health care delivery. Additionally, the hospital has experienced a decrease in the number of patients being transferred to the ICU from 35% to 20%. The data shows that the various calls in the MET have increased from 160 calls to 360 calls indicating that the program actively helps several people to have a healthy living. Currently, patients can call the MET to intervene for their situations. It is, therefore, important to state that the number of staff attending to different customers have increased allowing better service delivery. The data will also aid to let know NSQHS that a lot of progress is taking place within the hospital regarding service delivery. For example, patients can now remain in wards and receive proper treatment without necessarily going to the intensive care unit. Events which take place during the trial to save a life are quite intense. The family members presence during the resuscitation efforts is becoming a vital issue in the healthcare setting. The presence of few family members, for instance, during cardiopulmonary resuscitation is a comparatively fresh matter in healthcare. It is important to note that prior to the initiation of modern Medicare, a patients family was habitually present at their loved ones deathbed. A sick individuals final moments were mostly regulated by the family members instead of the medical profession. This article endeavors to elucidate the importance of allowing the presence of family members during the resuscitation of a loved one. Many emergency medical practitioners advocate that giving family members an opportunity to watch resuscitation of a loved one is a good idea (Tudor et al, 2014 p. 88). Both the emergency medical experts and family members agree that witnessing the resuscitation of a loved one can take out the mystery of any possible terrifying experience. It is noteworthy that it offers reassurance to the members of the household that all is being done to ensure or save the life of their loved one. People always need assurance that everything is taking place rightly and so allowing the presence of the relatives gives them the opportunity to know what is taking place in the theatre. It is vital to consider the area which the patients family members are allowed to reach without infuriating any interference to the medical practitioners. Allowing the presence of the relatives also provides closure for some of the family members who want to be with the loved one till his or her last minutes. Also, it shows individuals why reviving anyone in cardiac arrest is not much likely to be easy as persons do assume from watching the process on the television. Members of the family who may rightly understand what it means by doing everything possible or probable can go ahead to come up with more informed decision about end-of-life-care for their families or themselves (Greenfield et al. 2015 3111). The journal of New England of Medicine elucidates that no negative or adverse effects can arise from having family members present during the resuscitations attempts. According to Collinset al. (2015 p. 793), members of the family who observes resuscitations attempts are considerably less in the offing to experience depression, anxiety as well as symptoms or signs of post-traumatic stress compared to family members who do not observe the resuscitation efforts. The results established in the Journal of New England of Medicine, titled Family Members Presence during Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation show that family members presence does not impact the results of the Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (Jabre et al 2013 p. 1009) The study also shows that the relatives presence does not increase the levels of stress of the emergency medical team which usually comprises three emergency medical technicians, trained nurses in emergency medicine, and a physician. The study established that having the presence of family members does not lead to any failure in the resuscitation process. In the same token, the members of the family feel involved in the resuscitation process, and they can appear more adept to reconcile to the fact of losing a life. According to Porter et al (2014 p. 71), family members presence during, for instance, Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation of an adult patient has to some extent positive impact, especially if the medical team fails to re-establish the fundamental physical functions. Hasselqvistet al. (2014, p. 2308), advocates that the family presence have no traumatic memory as a result, because they will believe that the doctors helped their household member, and this eases their fears. Subsequently, the family members presence enhances their understanding of the patients condition, and they may make informed decisions concerning the patients condition. It is significant to note that relatives presence offers various opportunities for them to support the patient as well as obtain closure in case of death. Family members are also able to appreciate the resuscitation efforts made by the medical practitioners when allowed to be in the acute care setting. Most importantly, family members presence increases the staff attention to the patient and enhances professional behavior amongst the staff members (Zavotsky et al, 2014 p. 326). The staff members will have to create a much holistic approach to care, therefore, increasing the survival chances. Notably, these articles are vital since they help in explaining the benefits of having the family members within the acute care setting. The commentaries tell why the modern medical practitioners currently allow the patients relative to watch and witness the operation being done on their loved ones. In conclusion, the objectives of resuscitation include limiting disability, relieving suffering, restoring health, respecting peoples privacy as well as decisions, and preserving life (Soar et al, 2015, p. 102). The practice of providing the members of the family with the chance to be present during resuscitation has become a controversial ethical matter in most emergency medical services. However, family members ought to be allowed in during resuscitation so that they can be able to accept the situation and move on. Their presence is quite significant since it provides a holistic approach to care and offers various opportunities for the family members to support their patient as well as obtain closure in case of death. References Barr, J., Fraser, G.L., Puntillo, K., Ely, E.W., Glinas, C., Dasta, J.F., Davidson, J.E., Devlin, J.W., Kress, J.P., Joffe, A.M. and Coursin, D.B., 2013. Clinical practice guidelines for the management of pain, agitation, and delirium in adult patients in the intensive care unit.Critical care medicine,41(1), pp.263-306. Boyd, L. and Sheen, J., 2014. The national safety and quality health service standards requirements for orientation and induction within Australian Healthcare: A review of the literature.Asia Pacific journal of health management,9(3), pp.31-37. Churpek, M.M., Winslow, C.J., Meltzer, D.O., Kattan, M. and Edelson, D.P., 2015. Multicenter Comparison Of Conventional Regression And Machine Learning Methods For Predicting Clinical Deterioration On The Wards. In D16. Predicting Risk And Outcomes For Critical Illness (pp. A5396-A5396). American Thoracic Society. Collins, F.S. and Varmus, H., 2015. A new initiative on precision medicine.New England Journal of Medicine,372(9), pp.793-795. Greenfield, D., Hinchcliff, R., Banks, M., Mumford, V., Hogden, A., Debono, D., Pawsey, M., Westbrook, J. and Braithwaite, J., 2015. Analysing big picturepolicy reform mechanisms: the Australian health service safety and quality accreditation scheme.Health Expectations,18(6), pp.3110-3122. Hasselqvist-Ax, I., Riva, G., Herlitz, J., Rosenqvist, M., Hollenberg, J., Nordberg, P., Ringh, M., Jonsson, M., Axelsson, C., Lindqvist, J. and Karlsson, T., 2015. Early cardiopulmonary resuscitation in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.New England Journal of Medicine,372(24), pp.2307-2315. Jabre, P., Belpomme, V., Azoulay, E., Jacob, L., Bertrand, L., Lapostolle, F., Tazarourte, K., Bouilleau, G., Pinaud, V., Broche, C. and Normand, D., 2013. Family presence during cardiopulmonary resuscitation.New England Journal of Medicine,368(11), pp.1008-1018. Porter, J.E., Cooper, S.J. and Sellick, K., 2014. Family presence during resuscitation (FPDR): perceived benefits, barriers and enablers to implementation and practice.International emergency nursing,22(2), pp.69-74. Soar, J., Nolan, J.P., Bttiger, B.W., Perkins, G.D., Lott, C., Carli, P., Pellis, T., Sandroni, C., Skrifvars, M.B., Smith, G.B. and Sunde, K., 2015. European Resuscitation Council guidelines for resuscitation 2015.Resuscitation,95, pp.100-147. Tudor, K., Berger, J., Polivka, B.J., Chlebowy, R. and Thomas, B., 2014. Nurses perceptions of family presence during resuscitation.American Journal of Critical Care,23(6), pp.e88-e96. Zavotsky, K.E., McCoy, J., Bell, G., Haussman, K., Joiner, J., Marcoux, K.K., Magarelli, K., Mahoney, K., Maldonado, L., Mastro, K.A. and Milloria, A., 2014. Resuscitation team perceptions of family presence during CPR.Advanced emergencynursing journal,36(4), pp.325-334.

Women Essays (667 words) - Bleacher, , Term Papers

Women And Football "Go Mustangs..." she said softly; gritting her teeth and squeezing her soft cotton blanket in her delicate hands. She then looked around the stands at all of the football fans. "Catch that ball!" "What the hell are you doin'?" "Come on, ref! Are you blind?" "Yeah! Go, go, go!" Those were the only sounds that pierced the otherwise impenetrable roar inside the stadium at a college football game. The woman tightened her scarf, and pulled both sides of her wool cap down over her ears. In one motion, she raised her eyebrows and stretched out her neck. She was finally able to see the players on the field over the tall man's head in front of her. Just after the play began, the man jumped up to his feet and yelled something she did not understand. "What does that mean, Hon?" She inquired of her knowledgeable husband. "Oh, he's mad because the quarterback should've opted to pitch the ball to the runningback instead of tryin' to run it himself. Our quarterback's like that, though." He explained as simply as he thought possible. "Oh." She nodded in silent consent, but not complete comprehension. In fact, she was more confused then than she was before she asked. She shrugged her shoulders with a sigh and continued to watch the confusing, violent, loud game with all the enthusiasm she had left. She suddenly felt a tap on her shoulder and hesitantly turned her head around to see the bright-eyed face of an elderly woman with her husband. "The uniforms look nice this year. Don't they dear?" The old woman asked with a big grin on her wrinkled, but friendly, face. "Especially the band; they look so pretty." "Yes. Yes, they do." She agreed without looking, and turned back around as if she had been involved in the football game. Her husband turned to her swiftly. "Watch number eight; he can open-field tackle like a pro." Her husband pointed out in an effort to direct her attention from wherever she was to watching the game. "Which ones are we? Are we in the green or white?" His chin dropped suddenly and his forehead wrinkled up. "We've been watching this game for over an hour and you don't know what team you're rooting for? I don't believe this?" "Sorry. They look all the same to me." "We're the green, the other team is white. They're killin' us right now, but we still have a fighting chance if we can just... Hey, here comes the wave! You gotta get up when the guy comes running by us!" A young student in a bright green shirt ran across the front of the bleachers causing everyone to jump out of their seats and throw their arms up in the cold, foggy air. The student's cheeks glowed bright red and he was out of breath, but he continued to run back and forth to stir the excitement in the fans. When it came time for the woman to stand up, she simply raised her arms in the air, remaining in her seat. The husband fell back into his seat, all the while screaming. When he calmed down he turned to her, cocked his head to one side and scrunched the middle of his forehead together. "How come you didn't stand up for the wave?" "Because I'm cold and I didn't want the blanket to fall on the ground," she explained promptly. "Sorry." "It's alright," he sighed in disappointment. As the woman began looking around again at the fans she noticed one young man that had been looking at her throughout the entire game, as if he were watching her, or wondering what she was thinking. "I'm too paranoid. That's ridiculous," she thought, and returned to her blank stare at the players on the field. The bright lights. The loud band. The noisy fans. The students with their shirts off and faces painted. The smell of nachos and hot dogs. The shaking of the bleachers from stomping feet. The atmosphere is indescribable, yet some people just can't get into it. I don't understand that... but I assume it has something to do with the fact that I don't understand the large crowds at dog shows, either.